1498_ When the Portuguese Arrived — And East Africa Changed Forever Explore how Portuguese arrival disrupted Indian Ocean trade, challenged Swahili city-states, and reshaped power across East Africa. Covering early European exploration, Swahili–Portuguese conflict, maritime trade routes, and pre-colonial East African history, this video reveals how one encounter transformed commerce, culture, and control forever.

Africa’s Ancient Maritime Explorers: The Lost Masters of the Sea 🌊⛵