Pete Rathburn is a copy editor and fact-checker with expertise in economics and personal finance and over twenty years of experience in the classroom. Getty Images / Monty Rakusen Analysts can assess ...

Brief review of conditional probability and expectation followed by a study of Markov chains, both discrete and continuous time. Queuing theory, terminology, and single queue systems are studied with ...

Monte Carlo simulations predict investment risks and returns using computer models. They enable investors to assess outcomes under various market conditions. Accessible tools like online calculators ...

Mark Cussen, CMFC, has 13+ years of experience as a writer and provides financial education to military service members and the public. Mark is an expert in investing, economics, and market news.

Bob’s financial advisor just ran a “Monte Carlo analysis” for him.What’s a “Monte Carlo analysis”?It’s a tool used to test how a person’s retirement savings and plan would hold up given a variety of ...

Advisors and websites often show clients the results of large numbers of Monte Carlo simulations. It is hoped that clients will be calmed by pursuing avenues predicted to have a 90% chance of success.