High-energy particles called galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) bombard unprotected objects in space, often causing damage. Earth, ...

Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and Fundamental Forces from Imperial College London. Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and ...

Primordial magnetic fields may help explain why measurements of the universe’s expansion do not agree. Scientists have long known that the universe is expanding, yet there is still no agreement on how ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. David Bressan is a geologist who covers curiosities about Earth. Nov 28, 2025, 07:59am EST Map of the strength of the Earth's ...

Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and Fundamental Forces from Imperial College London. Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. An award-winning reporter writing about stargazing and the night sky. Using 11 years of magnetic field measurements from the ...

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe is forcing scientists to rethink how the Sun’s magnetic machinery actually works. A series of ...

Earth’s magnetic field protects life from harmful cosmic radiation. But sometime between about 590 million and 565 million years ago, that security blanket seems to have been much thinner — with ...

Mercury, the smallest planet in our solar system, has a magnetic field that has intrigued scientists for decades. Recent observations indicate that this magnetic field is weakening, prompting ...

During a brief but dramatic chapter in Earth's history about 41,000 years ago, the planet’s magnetic field nearly collapsed. What followed was a cascade of environmental and biological changes that ...